Police Department’s Responsible for the Murdered of Innocence Minority/Black/African Americans

White supremacy Still Exist in America Today 2020

A Fact: African American men were about 2 1/2 times more likely than White men to be killed by police. Men of color face a non-trivial lifetime risk of being killed by police” We find that African American men and women, American Indian / Alaska Native men and women, and Latino men face higher lifetime risk of being killed by police than do their white peers. We find that Latino women and Asian / Pacific Islander men and women face lower risk of being killed by police than do their white peers. Risk is highest for Black men, who (at current levels of risk) face about a 1 in 1000 chance of being killed by police over the life course.

Ricardo Munoz

Lancaster, PA

Shot: Lancaster Police Department

Dion Johnson,May 25, 2020

Arizona State Trooper

Shot:Arizona State Trooper

Manuel Longoria, Jan. 14, 2014

Eloy, Arizona

Shot:Pinal County Sheriff’s Deputy

Vincent Truitt, July 13, 2020

Cobb County Police Department

Shot: Cobb County Police Department

Alvin Cole February 2, 2020

Wauwatosa, Wisconsin,

Wauwatosa Police Department (WPD)

Shot: Wauwatosa Police Department (WPD)

Walter Wallace Jr. October 2020

Philadelphia, PA

Shot: Philadelphia Police Officers

Jonathan Price 2020

Wolfe City, Texas

Shot: Hunt County, Texas, Sheriff’s Office

Ronald Beasley, 1964 — June 12, 2000

Dellwood, Missouri

Shot: June 12, 2000, Dellwood Police Officers

Earl Murray, 1964 — June 12, 2000

Dellwood, Missouri

Shot: June 12, 2000, Dellwood Police Officers

Patrick Moses Dorismond, February 28, 1974 — March 16, 2000

New York City, New York

Shot: March 16, 2000, New York City Police Officer

Prince Carmen Jones Jr., March 30, 1975 — September 1, 2000

Fairfax County, Virginia

Shot: September 1, 2000, Prince George’s County Police Officer

Malcolm Ferguson, October 31, 1976 — March 1, 2000

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: March 1, 2000, New York City Police Officer

LaTanya Haggerty, 1973 — June 4, 1999

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: June 4, 1999, Chicago Police Officer

Margaret LaVerne Mitchell, 1945 — May 21, 1999

Los Angeles, California

Shot: May 21, 1999, Los Angeles Police Officer

Amado Diallo, September 2, 1975 — February 4, 1999

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: February 4, 1999, New York City Police Officers

Tyisha Shenee Miller, March 9, 1979 — December 28, 1998

Riverside, California

Shot: December 28, 1998, Riverside Police Officers

Dannette “Strawberry” Daniels, January 25, 1966 — June 7, 1997

Newark, New Jersey

Shot: June 7, 1997, Newark Police Officer

Frankie Ann Perkins, 1960 — March 22, 1997

Chicago, Illinois

Brutal Force/Strangled: March 22, 1997, Chicago Police Officers

Nicholas Heyward Jr., August 26, 1981 — September 27, 1994

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: September 27, 1994, New York City Police Officer

Nicholas Heyward Jr., August 26, 1981 — September 27, 1994

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: September 27, 1994, New York City Police Officer

Mary Mitchell, 1950 — November 3, 1991

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: November 3, 1991, New York City Police Officer

Yvonne Smallwood, July 26, 1959 — December 9, 1987

New York City, New York

Severely beaten/Massive blood clot: December 3, New York City Police Officers

Eleanor Bumpers, August 22, 1918 — October 29, 1984

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: October 29, 1984, New York City Police Officer

Michael Jerome Stewart, May 9, 1958 — September 28, 1983

New York City, New York

Brutal Force: September 15, 1983, New York City Transit Police

Eula Mae Love, August 8, 1939 — January 3, 1979

Los Angeles, California

Shot: January 3, 1979, Los Angeles County Police Officers

Arthur Miller Jr., 1943 — June 14, 1978

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Chokehold/Strangled: June 14, 1978, New York City Police Officers

Randolph Evans, April 5, 1961 — November 25, 1976

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot in head: November 25, 1976, New York City Police Officer

Barry Gene Evans, August 29, 1958 — February 10, 1976

Los Angeles, California

Shot: February 10, 1976, Los Angeles Police Officers

Rita Lloyd, November 2, 1956 — January 27, 1973

New York City, New York

Shot: January 27, 1973, New York City Police Officer

Henry Dumas, July 20, 1934 — May 23, 1968

Harlem, New York City, New York

Shot: May 23, 1968, New York City Transit Police Officer

Marcellis Stinnette, June 17, 2001 — October 20, 2020

Waukegan, Illinois

Shot: October 20, 2020, Waukegan Police Officer

Jonathan Dwayne Price, November 3, 1988 — October 3, 2020

Wolfe City, Texas

Tasered/Shot: October 3, 2020, Wolfe City Police Officer

Dijon Durand Kizzee, February 5, 1991 — August 31, 2020
Los Angeles, California

Shot: August 21, 2020, Los Angeles County Police

David McAtee, August 3, 1966 — June 1, 2020

Louisville, Kentucky

Shot: June 1, 2020, Louisville Metropolitan Police Officer

George Perry Floyd, October 14, 1973 — May 25, 2020

Powderhorn, Minneapolis, Minnesota

Knee on neck/Asphyxiated: May 25, 2020, Minneapolis Police Officer

Dreasjon “Sean” Reed, 1999 — May 6, 2020

Indianapolis, Indiana

Shot: May 6, 2020, Unidentified Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Officer

Michael Brent Charles Ramos, January 1, 1978 — April 24, 2020

Austin, Texas

Shot: April 24, 2020, Austin Police Detectives

Breonna Taylor, June 5, 1993 — March 13, 2020

Louisville, Kentucky

Shot: March 13, 2020, Louisville Metro Police Officers

Manuel “Mannie” Elijah Ellis, August 28, 1986 — March 3, 2020

Tacoma, Washington

Physical restraint/Hypoxia: March 3, 2020, Tacoma Police Officers

Atatiana Koquice Jefferson, November 28, 1990 — October 12, 2019

Fort Worth, Texas

Shot: October 12, 2019, Fort Worth Police Officer

Emantic “EJ” Fitzgerald Bradford Jr., June 18, 1997 — November 22, 2018

Hoover, Alabama

Shot: November 22, 2018, Unidentified Hoover Police Officers

Charles “Chop” Roundtree Jr., September 5, 2000 — October 17, 2018

San Antonio, Texas

Shot: October 17, 2018, San Antonio Police Officer

Chinedu Okobi, February 13, 1982 — October 3, 2018

Millbrae, California

Tasered/Electrocuted: October 3, 2018, San Mateo County Sheriff Sergeant and Sheriff Deputies

Botham Shem Jean, September 29, 1991 — September 6, 2018

Dallas, Texas

Shot: September 6, 2018, Dallas Police Officer

Antwon Rose Jr., July 12, 2000 — June 19, 2018

East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Shot: June 19, 2018, East Pittsburgh Police Officer

Saheed Vassell, December 22, 1983 — April 4, 2018

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: April 4, 2018, Four Unnamed New York City Police Officers

Stephon Alonzo Clark, August 10, 1995 — March 18, 2018

Sacramento, California

Shot: March 18, 2018, Sacramento Police Officers

Aaron Bailey, 1972 — June 29, 2017

Indianapolis, Indiana

Shot: June 29, 2017, Indianapolis Metropolitan Police Officers

Charleena Chavon Lyles, April 24, 1987 — June 18, 2017

Seattle, Washington

Shot: June 18, 2017, Seattle Police Officers

Fetus of Charleena Chavon Lyles (14–15 weeks), June 18, 2017

Seattle, Washington

Shot: June 18, 2017, Seattle Police Officers

Jordan Edwards, October 25, 2001 — April 29, 2017

Balch Springs, Texas

Shot: April 29, 2017, Balch Springs Officer

Chad Robertson, 1992 — February 15, 2017

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: February 8, 2017, Chicago Police Officer

Deborah Danner, September 25, 1950 — October 18, 2016

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: October 18, 2016, New York City Police Officers

Alfred Olango, July 29, 1978 — September 27, 2016

El Cajon, California

Shot: September 27, 2016, El Cajon Police Officers

Terence Crutcher, August 16, 1976 — September 16, 2016

Tulsa, Oklahoma

Shot: September 16, 2016, Tulsa Police Officer

Terrence LeDell Sterling, July 31, 1985 — September 11, 2016

Washington, DC

Shot: September 11, 2016, Washington Metropolitan Police Officer

Korryn Gaines, August 24, 1993 — August 1, 2016

Randallstown, Maryland

Shot: August 1, 2016, Baltimore County Police

Joseph Curtis Mann, 1966 — July 11, 2016

Sacramento, California

Shot: July 11, 2016, Sacramento Police Officers

Philando Castile, July 16, 1983 — July 6, 2016

Falcon Heights, Minnesota

Shot: July 6, 2016, St. Anthony Police Officer

Alton Sterling, June 14, 1979 — July 5, 2016

Baton Rouge, Louisiana

Shot: July 5, 2016, Baton Rouge Police Officers

Bettie “Betty Boo” Jones, 1960 — December 26, 2015

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: December 26, 2015, Chicago Police Officer

Quintonio LeGrier, April 29, 1996 — December 26, 2015

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: December 26, 2015, Chicago Police Officer

Corey Lamar Jones, February 3, 1984 — October 18, 2015

Palm Beach Gardens, Florida

Shot: October 18, 2015, Palm Beach Gardens Police Officer

Jamar O’Neal Clark, May 3, 1991 — November 16, 2015

Minneapolis, Minnesota

Shot: November 15, 2015, Minneapolis Police Officers

Jeremy “Bam Bam” McDole, 1987 — September 23, 2015

Wilmington, Delaware

Shot: September 23, 2015, Wilmington Police Officers

India Kager, June 9, 1988 — September 5, 2015

Virginia Beach, Virginia

Shot: September 5, 2015, Virginia Beach Police Officers

Samuel Vincent DuBose, March 12, 1972 — July 19, 2015

Cincinnati, Ohio

Shot: July 19, 2015, University of Cincinnati Police Officer

Sandra Bland, February 7, 1987 — July 13, 2015

Waller County, Texas

Excessive Force/Wrongful Death/Suicide (?): July 10, 2015, Texas State Trooper

Brendon K. Glenn, 1986 — May 5, 2015

Venice, California

Shot: May 5, 2015, Los Angeles Police Officer

Freddie Carlos Gray Jr., August 16, 1989 — April 19, 2015

Baltimore, Maryland

Brute Force/Spinal Injuries: April 12, 2015, Baltimore City Police Officers

Walter Lamar Scott, February 9, 1965 — April 4, 2015

North Charleston, South Carolina

Shot: April 4, 2015, North Charleston Police Officer

Eric Courtney Harris, October 10, 1971 — April 2, 2015

Tulsa, Oklahoma

Shot: April 2, 2015, Tulsa County Reserve Deputy

Phillip Gregory White, 1982 — March 31, 2015

Vineland, New Jersey

K-9 Mauling/Respiratory distress: March 31, 2015, Vineland Police Officers

Mya Shawatza Hall, December 5, 1987 — March 30, 2015

Fort Meade, Maryland

Shot: March 30, 2015, National Security Agency Police Officers

Meagan Hockaday, August 27, 1988 — March 28, 2015

Oxnard, California

Shot: March 28, 2015, Oxnard Police Officer

Tony Terrell Robinson, Jr., October 18, 1995 — March 6, 2015

Madison, Wisconsin

Shot: March 6, 2015, Madison Police Officer

Janisha Fonville, March 3, 1994 — February 18 2015

Charlotte, North Carolina

Shot: February 18, 2015, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Officer

Natasha McKenna, January 9, 1978 — February 8, 2015

Fairfax County, Virginia

Tasered/Cardiac Arrest: February 3, 2015, Fairfax County Sheriff Deputies

Jerame C. Reid, June 8, 1978 — December 30, 2014

Bridgeton, New Jersey

Shot: December 30, 2014, Bridgeton Police Officer

Rumain Brisbon, November 24, 1980 — December 2, 2014

Phoenix, Arizona

Shot: December 2, 2014, Phoenix Police Officer

Tamir Rice, June 15, 2002 — November 22, 2014

Cleveland, Ohio

Shot: November 22, 2014, Cleveland Police Officer

Akai Kareem Gurley, November 12, 1986 — November 20, 2014

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: November 20, 2014, New York City Police Officer

Tanisha N. Anderson, January 22, 1977 — November 13, 2014

Cleveland, Ohio

Physically Restrained/Brute Force: November 13, 2014, Cleveland Police Officers

Dante Parker, August 14, 1977 — August 12, 2014

Victorville, California

Tasered/Excessive Force: August 12, 2014, San Bernardino County Sheriff Deputies

Ezell Ford, October 14, 1988 — August 11, 2014

Florence, Los Angeles, California

Shot: August 11, 2014, Los Angeles Police Officers

Michael Brown Jr., May 20, 1996 — August 9, 2014

Ferguson, Missouri

Shot: August 9, 2014, Ferguson Police Officer

John Crawford III, July 29, 1992 — August 5, 2014

Beavercreek, Ohio

Shot: August 5, 2014, Beavercreek Police Officer

Eric Garner, September 15, 1970 — July 17, 2014

Staten Island, New York

Choke hold/Suffocated: July 17, 2014, New York City Police Officer

Dontre Hamilton, January 20, 1983 — April 30, 2014

Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Shot: April 30, 2014, Milwaukee Police Officer

Victor White III, September 11, 1991 — March 3, 2014

New Iberia, Louisiana

Shot: March 2, 2014, Iberia Parish Sheriff Deputy

Gabriella Monique Nevarez, November 25, 1991 — March 2, 2014

Citrus Heights, California

Shot: March 2, 2014, Citrus Heights Police Officers

Yvette Smith, December 18, 1966 — February 16, 2014

Bastrop County, Texas

Shot: February 16, 2014, Bastrop County Sheriff Deputy

McKenzie J. Cochran, August 25, 1988 — January 29, 2014

Southfield, Michigan

Pepper Sprayed/Compression Asphyxiation: January 28, 2014, Northland Mall Security Guards

Jordan Baker, 1988 — January 16, 2014

Houston, Texas

Shot: January 16, 2014, Off-duty Houston Police Officer

Andy Lopez, June 2, 2000 — October 22, 2013

Santa Rosa, California

Shot: October 22, 2013, Sonoma County Sheriff Deputy

Miriam Iris Carey, August 12, 1979 — October 3, 2013

Washington, DC

Shot 26 times: October 3, 2013, U. S. Secret Service Officer

Barrington “BJ” Williams, 1988 — September 17, 2013

New York City, New York

Neglect/Disdain/Asthma Attack: September 17, 2013, New York City Police Officers

Jonathan Ferrell, October 11, 1989 — September 14, 2013

Charlotte, North Carolina

Shot: September 14, 2013, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Officer

Carlos Alcis, 1970 — August 15, 2013

Brooklyn, New York City

Heart Attack/Neglect: August 15, 2013, New York City Police Officers

Larry Eugene Jackson Jr., November 29, 1980 — July 26, 2013

Austin, Texas

Shot: July 26, 2013, Austin Police Detective

Kyam Livingston, July 29, 1975 — July 21, 2013

New York City, New York

Neglect/Ignored pleas for help: July 20–21, 2013, New York City Police Officers

Clinton R. Allen, September 26, 1987 — March 10, 2013

Dallas, Texas

Tasered and Shot: March 10, 2013, Dallas Police Officer

Kimani “KiKi” Gray, October 19, 1996 — March 9, 2013

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: March 9, 2013, New York Police Officers

Kayla Moore, April 17, 1971 — February 13, 2013

Berkeley, California

Restrained face-down prone: February 12, 2013, Berkeley Police Officers

Jamaal Moore Sr., 1989 — December 15, 2012

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: December 15, 2012, Chicago Police Officer

Johnnie Kamahi Warren, February 26, 1968 — February 13, 2012

Dothan, Alabama

Tasered/Electrocuted: December 10, 2012, Houston County (AL) Sheriff Deputy

Shelly Marie Frey, April 21, 1985 — December 6, 2012

Houston, Texas

Shot: December 6, 2012, Off-duty Harris County Sheriff’s Deputy

Darnisha Diana Harris, December 11, 1996 — December 2, 2012

Breaux Bridge, Louisiana

Shot: December 2, 2012, Breaux Bridge Police Office

Timothy Russell, December 9. 1968 — November 29, 2012

Cleveland, Ohio

137 Rounds/Shot 23 times: November 29, 2012, Cleveland Police Officers

Malissa Williams, June 20, 1982 — November 29, 2012

Cleveland, Ohio

137 Rounds/Shot 24 times: November 29, 2012, Cleveland Police Officers

Noel Palanco, November 28, 1989 — October 4, 2012

Queens, New York City, New York

Shot: October 4, 2012, New York City Police Officers

Reynaldo Cuevas, January 6, 1992 — September 7, 2012

Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: September 7, 2012, New York City Police Officer

Chavis Carter, 1991 — July 28, 2012

Jonesboro, Arkansas

Shot: July 28, 2012, Jonesboro Police Officer

Alesia Thomas, June 1, 1977 — July 22, 2012

Los Angeles, California

Brutal Force/Beaten: July 22, 2012, Los Angeles Police Officers

Shantel Davis, May 26, 1989 — June 14, 2012

New York City, New York

Shot: June 14, 2012, New York City Police Officer

Sharmel T. Edwards, October 10, 1962 — April 21, 2012

Las Vegas, Nevada

Shot: April 21, 2012, Las Vegas Police Officers

Tamon Robinson, December 21, 1985 — April 18, 2012

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Run over by police car: April 12, 2012, New York City Police Officers

Ervin Lee Jefferson, III, 1994 — March 24, 2012

Atlanta, Georgia

Shot: March 24, 2012, Shepperson Security & Escort Services Security Guards

Kendrec McDade, May 5, 1992 — March 24, 2012

Pasadena, California

Shot: March 24, 2012, Pasadena Police Officers

Rekia Boyd, November 5, 1989 — March 21, 2012

Chicago, Illinois

Shot: March 21, 2012, Off-duty Chicago Police Detective

Shereese Francis, 1982 — March 15, 2012

Queens, New York City, New York

Suffocated to death: March 15, 2012, New York City Police Officers

Jersey K. Green, June 17, 1974 — March 12, 2012

Aurora, Illinois

Tasered/Electrocuted: March 12, 2012, Aurora Police Officers

Wendell James Allen, December 19, 1991 — March 7, 2012

New Orleans, Louisiana

Shot: March 7, 2012, New Orleans Police Officer

Nehemiah Lazar Dillard, July 29, 1982 — March 5, 2012

Gainesville, Florida

Tasered/Electrocuted: March 5, 2012, Alachua County Sheriff Deputies

Dante’ Lamar Price, July 18, 1986 — March 1, 2012

Dayton, Ohio

Shot: March 1, 2012, Ranger Security Guards

Raymond Luther Allen Jr., 1978 — February 29, 2012

Galveston, Texas

Tasered/Electrocuted: February 27, 2012, Galveston Police Officers

Manual Levi Loggins Jr., February 22, 1980 — February 7, 2012

San Clemente, Orange County, California

Shot: February 7, 2012, Orange County Sheriff Deputy

Ramarley Graham, April 12, 1993 — February 2, 2012

The Bronx, New York City, New York

Shot: February 2, 2012, New York City Police Officer

Kenneth Chamberlain Sr., April 12, 1943 — November 19, 2011

White Plains, New York

Tasered/Electrocuted/Shot: November 19, 2011, White Plains Police Officers

Alonzo Ashley, June 10, 1982 — July 18, 2011

Denver, Colorado

Tasered/Electrocuted: July 18, 2011, Denver Police Officers

Derek Williams, January 23, 1989 — July 6, 2011

Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Blunt Force/Respiratory distress: July 6, 2011, Milwaukee Police Officers

Raheim Brown, Jr., March 4, 1990 — January 22, 2011

Oakland, California

Shot: January 22, 2011, Oakland Unified School District Police

Reginald Doucet, June 3, 1985 — January 14, 2011

Los Angeles, California

Shot: January 14, 2011, Los Angeles Police Officer

Derrick Jones, September 30, 1973 — November 8, 2010

Oakland, California

Shot: November 8, 2010, Oakland Police Officers

Danroy “DJ” Henry Jr., October 29, 1990 — October 17, 2010

Pleasantville, New York

Shot: October 17, 2020, Pleasantville Police Officer

Aiyana Mo’Nay Stanley-Jones, July 20, 2002 — May 16, 2010

Detroit, Michigan

Shot: May 16, 2010, Detroit Police Officer

Steven Eugene Washington, September 20, 1982 — March 20, 2010

Los Angeles, California

Shot: March 20, 2010, Los Angeles County Police

Aaron Campbell, September 7, 1984 — January 29, 2010

Portland, Oregon

Shot: January 29, 2010, Portland Police Officer

Kiwane Carrington, July 14, 1994 — October 9, 2009

Champaign, Illinois

Shot: October 9, 2019, Champaign Police Officer

Victor Steen, November 11, 1991 — October 3, 2009

Pensacola, Florida

Tasered/Run over: October 3, 2009, Pensacola Police Officer

Shem Walker, March 18, 1960 — July 11, 2009

Brooklyn, New York

Shot: July 11, 2009, New York City Undercover C-94 Police Officer

Oscar Grant III, February 27, 1986 — January 1, 2009

Oakland, California

Shot: January 1, 2009, BART Police Officer

Tarika Wilson, October 30, 1981 — January 4, 2008

Lima, Ohio

Shot January 4, 2008, Lima Police Officer

DeAunta Terrel Farrow, September 7, 1994 — June 22, 2007

West Memphis, Arkansas

Shot: June 22, 2007, West Memphis (AR) Police Officer

Sean Bell, May 23, 1983 — November 25, 2006

Queens, New York City, New York

Shot: November 25, 2006, New York City Police Officers

Kathryn Johnston, June 26, 1914 — November 21, 2006

Atlanta, Georgia

Shot: November 21, 2006, Undercover Atlanta Police Officers

Ronald Curtis Madison, March 1, 1965 — September 4, 2005

Danziger Bridge, New Orleans, Louisiana

Shot: September 4, 2005, New Orleans Police Officers

James B. Brissette Jr., November 6, 1987 — September 4, 2005

Danziger Bridge, New Orleans, Louisiana

Shot: September 4, 2005, New Orleans Police Officers

Henry “Ace” Glover, October 2, 1973 — September 2, 2005

New Orleans, Louisiana

Shot: September 2, 2005, New Orleans Police Officers

Timothy Stansbury, Jr., November 16, 1984 — January 24, 2004

Brooklyn, New York City, New York

Shot: January 24, 2004, New York City Police Officer

Ousmane Zongo, 1960 — May 22, 2003

New York City, New York

Shot: May 22, 2003, New York City Police Officer

Alberta Spruill, 1946 — May 16, 2003

New York City, New York

Stun grenade thrown into her apartment led to a heart attack: May 16, 2003, New York City Police Officer

Kendra Sarie James, December 24, 1981 — May 5, 2003

Portland, Oregon

Shot: May 5, 2003, Portland Police Officer

Orlando Barlow, December 29, 1974 — February 28, 2003

Las Vegas, Nevada

Shot: February 28, 2003, Las Vegas Police Officer

Courtesy: https://www.reneeater.com/on-monuments-blog/tag/list+of+unarmed+black+people+killed+by+police. https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/10/09/922222575/texas-police-officer-fired-charged-with-murder-over-fatal-shooting-of-black-man. https://www.cnn.com/2020/10/28/us/philadelphia-shooting-protests/index.html. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331505/.

References

1. Walsh P. Teen who recorded George Floyd video wasn’t looking to be a hero, her lawyer says. 2020, StarTribune.https://www.startribune.com/teen-who-shot-video-of-george-floyd-wasn-t-looking-to-be-a-hero-her-lawyer-says/571192352/. Accessed 11 June 2020.

2. Schwartz S. VT: Park Street Press; Rochester: 2016. The 8 Laws of Change. [Google Scholar]

3. Number of people shot to death by the police in the United States from 2017 to 2020, by race. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/585152/people-shot-to-death-by-us-police-by-race/. Accessed 10 June 2020.

4. Goldhill O. How do police handle violence in countries where officers don’t carry guns? Quartz. July 9, 2016. 2020 https://qz.com/727941/how-do-police-handle-violence-in-countries-where-officers-dont-carry-guns/ Accessed: 10 June. [Google Scholar]

5. Pierson E., Simoiu C., Overgoor J. A large-scale analysis of racial disparities in police stops across the United States. Nat Hum Behav. 2020 doi: 10.1038/s41562–020–0858–1. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]